Generally, non-Muslims living on Arab Muslim lands are radically denied the dignity of

the citizen. They are excluded from the process of decision making at all levels. Their rights

are denied, or at least severely restricted, in occupying positions of senior (’sovereign’)

ministries or prime-minister, top judiciary positions, membership in parliament, leading

diplomatic missions, or even to high administrative positions. This is the case of Copts in

Egypt, in particular. Non-Muslims should become full citizens in their own right. To achieve

this, the belonging to the national community should supplant the belonging to the community of

believers.