After September 11, questions on the role of religion in forming the attitudes of people and whether religion is a problem or part of the solution to many problems were raise, especially as the perpetrators of the September 11 attacks said that the attacks were part of their holy war. American intellectuals believe that it cannot be that God inspired some people to kill civilians in His name and that killing civilians, whether committed in the name of “holy war” or “Crusades,” is a violation of the simple rules of justice and a denial of religion.